doi-org-10-59708-ajlhts-v3i2-2418
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Abstract
Background: Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) has been
implicated in the pathogenesis and complications of SCA, however
its pathophysiology is not fully understood. This study determined
the levels of sPLA2 in SCA patients and its association with different
clinical characteristics.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study recruited a total of
90 participants, 45 SCA patients and 45 control subjects. Venous
blood sample and serum were used to estimate full blood count
(FBC) and sPLA2 respectively. The collected data was organised in
Microsoft excel and analysis done with Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences (SPSS-version 26). Statistical significances was set at
P<0.05.
Results: The mean values of haematological indices showed
significant differences between the control and sickle cell anaemia
groups: RBC [p<0.001], Hb [p<0.001], HCT [p<0.001], WBC [p<0.001],
MCV [p<0.001], RDW-SD [p<0.005], and PLT [p<0.001]. The mean
sPLA2 concentration was significantly higher in SCA cases than
in the control group [(60.67±19.43)µg/L vs. (23.18±4.32) µg/L;
p < 0.001]. The sPLA2 concentrations between SCA patients with
respect to the use of Hydroxyurea treatment showed no significant
differences, [p=0.581].
Conclusion: Secretory phospholipase A2 was elevated in SCA
patients. Those who presented with vaso-occlusive recorded the
highest concentrations of sPLA2. White blood cell count, mean cell
haemoglobin concentration, Red Cell Distribution width-standard
deviation and platelets were significantly elevated in SCA whereas
RBC, Hb, and HCT were low. RDW-SD showed significant variations
in the different clinical presentations of SCA. RDW-SD and sPLA2
levels revealed a negative correlation in SCA.