Distribution Of Sickle Cell Trait in ABO/Rhesus Blood Types Among Voluntary Blood Donors in Bungoma County, Kenya

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2424

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ABSTRACT
Background: Sickle cell trait is a haematological inherited disorder wide spread in several geographical regions. Individuals carrying sickle cell trait genes are asymptomatic and are eligible for
blood donation; however, blood donated by these individuals is contraindicated in patients suffering sickle cell anaemia, acidosis and neonates.

Occurrence of Occult Hepatitis B Virus infection in Frequently Transfused Sickle Cell Anaemia Patients in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2442

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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health issue, with over two billion people infected, 250 million of whom live with the virus. Screening tests for hepatitis B surface
antigen (HBsAg) have considerably reduced the transmission of HBV infection among blood recipients. However, they fail to detect occult HBV infection (OBI). This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of OBI in frequently transfused sickle cell anaemia patients in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

The Impact of Hepatitis-B envelope Antigen and Viremia load on Hematological Parameters and Liver enzymes in Chronic HBV Infection

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2502

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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver diseases and failure. While the general impact of HBV on the liver has been extensively studied, there is a relative paucity of information regarding the specific effect of its envelope-antigen (HBeAg) and viremia load on hematopoiesis. Thus, this study aimed to bridge the gap.

Leveraging World Blood Donor Day for Increased Voluntary Unpaid Blood Donation: insights from 2024 Commemoration in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2503

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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Voluntary unpaid blood donation (VUBD) is the recommended strategy to ensure a regular supply of safe blood and blood products for countries’ transfusion needs. World Blood Donor Day (WBDD) was established to create awareness about blood donation and to promote VUBD. This paper describes the activities carried out inBayelsa state Nigeria to commemorate WBDD 2024. Residents of Bayelsa and neighbouring states of Delta and Rivers were informed and educated about the need for voluntary blood donation using the platform of the church, hospital and mass media. At the Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa where a live event took place on 14 June, the WBDD, 102 persons volunteered to donate out of which 16 were found suitable and eventually donated. The main reasons for deferral were high blood pressure, low haemoglobin and pregnancy. World Blood Donor Day rapidly increased the number of voluntary blood donation, but there is a need to sustain the campaign beyond the day to ensure the public is adequately reminded and mobilised to continue to donate voluntarily and regularly.

Association between Haemoglobin Patterns, Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio, and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Individuals in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2517

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Introduction: Due to elevated blood sugar, diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease with diverse etiologies. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between diabetics’ haemoglobin electrophoretic pattern, platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR). This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 100 participants, 50 of whom had been diagnosed as having diabetes and the remaining 50 were nondiabetic patients who were chosen from a consenting population at a private hospital in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.

The prevalence and hematological impact of Hepatitis B and C, with a focus on anemia, platelet abnormalities, and blood cell morphology in patients at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2508

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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) are bloodborne diseases associated with high rates of illness and mortality, primarily affecting the liver. Hematological parameters play a crucial role in assessing liver health, particularly in diagnosing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as indicated by various research studies highlighting the link between hematological abnormalities and liver diseases. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anaemia among patients with Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C receiving care at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH).

Knapsack Spraying of Agrochemicals and Risk of Immunothrombosis Among Farmers in Food Production and Marketing in Cross River State, Nigeria

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2509

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Introduction:
Knapsack sprayers for agrochemicals are employed on a large scale by small, medium, and largescale farmers due to many favorable reasons. However, there are concerns regarding
lack of information as well as inadequate education among farmers handling agrochemicals. Much of these concerns are based on previous reports from other localities suggestive of serious health risks.

Management of Anaemia during Pregnancy: Insights into Pathophysiology and Public Health Implications in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2510

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Abstract
Anaemia during pregnancy remains a significant public health concern, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where it is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Anaemia affects nearly half of all pregnant women in SSA, with  iron deficiency, malaria, and HIV among the primary contributors. The condition exacerbates maternal risks, including postpartum
haemorrhage and preeclampsia, while increasing the likelihood of adverse fetal outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight. Effective management requires a multifaceted approach,
including iron and folate supplementation, malaria prophylaxis, and dietary fortification programmes . Novel strategies, such as improved formulations of iron supplements and genetic screening for haemoglobinopathies, are showing promise in addressing this complex condition. Despite advances, significant knowledge gaps persist, particularly regarding long-term outcomes and barriers to care. Addressing these gaps through further research and tailored policies is vital to improving maternal health outcomes in SSA and achieving global health targets.

Distribution of Haemoglobin Genotypes, Awareness, Motivators, and Barriers to Genotype Testing Among Health Science Students at Maflekumen Higher Institute Tiko, South West Region of Cameroon

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2512

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Background: Haemoglobin genotype testing is a crucial preventive measure against sickle cell disease (SCD) which encompasses all conditions associated with sickling of the red blood cells including sickle cell anemia, sickle cell trait and compound heterozygous. While students enrolled in health science programs are expected to be aware of genotype testing, various factors influence their decision to undergo screening. This study aimed to determine the distribution of haemoglobin genotypes, assess awareness of genotype testing and identify motivators and barriers to early genotype testing among health science students at Maflekumen Higher Institute, Tiko.

Assessment Of The Antioxidant and Antianemic Properties Of Hydro-Methanolic Extracts of Indigofera Pulchra In Wistar Rats

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Article DOI: 10-59708-ajlhts-v4i1-2513

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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Anemia is a multifactorial condition that can be associated with hemolysis and oxidative insults related to various diseases worldwide and in subtropical regions of Africa. Decoctions
of Indigofera pulchra are used to treat anemia that may be associated with oxidative insults. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant and antihemolytic properties of hydro-methanolic extracts of this plant.